What is mitral stenosis?
A person with mitral stenosis has abnormal narrowing of the mitral valve in the heart. A normal mitral valve allows blood to flow from the left atrium, into the left ventricle. The mitral valve closes to prevent the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium. The narrowing interferes with the normal flow of blood from the left atrium into the left ventricle. This places stress on the heart, as it adjusts to keep up with demand. The most common cause for mitral stenosis is rheumatic fever. Severe mitral stenosis can lead to congestive heart failure.

What are the symptoms of mitral stenosis?
Symptoms of mitral stenosis include fatigue, cough, faintness, wheezing, chest pain, and difficulty breathing that worsens with exertion and while lying flat. Additional symptoms of mitral stenosis include palpitations, weight loss, leg swelling, and increased urination.

How does the doctor treat mitral stenosis?
Treatment for mitral stenosis includes heart valve surgery, medications, anticoagulants, and antibiotics.