The epiglottis covers the windpipe during swallowing. Epiglottitis can cause dangerous swelling of the epiglottis, which can result in obstruction of the airway.

The most common cause of epiglottitis is infection by bacteria.

The most common bacteria that cause epiglottitis include:

• Haemophilus influenza
• Streptococcus

Additional causes of epiglottitis include:

• Burns:
• Heat
• Chemicals
• Injury