An epidural hematoma forms when blood leaks from the blood vessels that lie between the dura and the inside of the skull. The hematoma can place pressure on the surface of the brain, which can injure the brain.

The most common cause of epidural hematoma is head injury. In most cases, an epidural hematoma occurs with a fracture of the skull. The injury results in tearing of the blood vessels.

Rare causes of epidural hematoma include:

• Bleeding disorders
• Blood thinner medications
• Severe high blood pressure