The evaluation of celiac sprue begins with a medical history and physical examination.

Physical findings in a person with celiac sprue may include:

• Scoliosis
• Compression fractures of the spine
• Pale due to anemia

Testing is necessary to confirm the diagnosis of celiac sprue.

Tests that may be used to evaluate celiac sprue include:

• Stool fat content analysis
• Complete blood count
• Bone x-rays of the spine:
• Normal spine
• Compression fractures
• Upper GI series
• Upper GI endoscopy
• Intestinal biopsy:
• Can be obtained during endoscopy
• Gluten restriction diet:
• Symptoms should improve with gluten out of diet.