The evaluation of a calf strain begins with a history and physical examination of the lower leg.

Physical findings in someone with a calf strain may include:

• Difficulty walking
• Calf pain (one calf):
• Worsens with movement of the ankle
• Worsens with movement of the knee
• Leg swelling (unilateral):
• Located around the calf
• Calf bruising
• Calf tenderness

Tests are not usually required to diagnose a calf strain. X-rays may be necessary to exclude injury to the bones.

Tests that may be used to evaluate calf strain include:

• X-rays of the tibia and fibula
• Normal tibia x-rays