Evaluation of bronchopulmonary dysplasia begins with a history and physical examination.

The diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia is based on:

• Infant requires oxygen from a ventilator for at least three days during the first two weeks of life.
• Breathing problems beyond 28 days of age.
• The need for supplemental oxygen at 28 days of age.

Physical findings in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia may include:

• Cyanosis
• Low blood oxygen levels
• Rapid respiratory rate
• Wheezing
• Signs of severe difficulty breathing
• Rib retractions
• Nasal flaring
• Use of accessory muscles

The diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia is usually confirmed by testing.

Tests that may be used to evaluate bronchopulmonary dysplasia include:

• Pulse oximetry
• Chest x-ray
• Arterial blood gas
• Pulmonary function tests with response to bronchodilator medications
• Allergic skin testing (in the case of allergic asthma)
• Sweat chloride test
• Sputum cultures