Evaluation of a bladder injury begins with a medical history and physical examination.

Physical findings in someone with a bladder injury may include:

• Blood in the urine
• Abdominal tenderness: A person with a minor bladder injury may have little or no abdominal tenderness on examination.
• More severely injured people may have rigidity of the abdominal muscles and abdominal distention.
• Bruising to the abdomen

Additional tests may be required to evaluate the severity of a bladder injury.

Tests for bladder injury may include:

• Complete blood count
• Serum amylase
• Serum lipase
• Liver profile
• Kidney profile
• Urinalysis
• Cystoscopy
• Intravenous pyelography (IVP)
• Retrograde cystourethrogram
• Voiding cystourethrogram
• CT scan of the pelvis
• CT scan of the abdomen
• Pelvic ultrasound
• Ultrasound of the abdomen

For more information:

• Abdominal contusion evaluation
• Kidney injury evaluation
• Liver injury evaluation
• Spleen injury evaluation