The evaluation of a bladder infection begins with a complete history and physical examination, including a pelvic exam in females.

Physical findings in those with a bladder infection may include:

• Lower abdominal tenderness
• Tenderness over the back or flank
• Fever
• Signs of dehydration:
• Dry mouth
• Dry skin
• Rapid pulse

Urine testing is usually necessary to confirm the diagnosis of a bladder infection. Usually, additional tests are not necessary.

Additional tests that may be used to evaluate a bladder infection include:

• Urinalysis
• Urine culture
• Complete blood count
• Kidney profile
• Abdominal ultrasound: determines the amount of urine in the bladder before and after urinating

Less common tests that may be used to evaluate bladder infection include:

• Cystoscopy:
• A scope is used to examine the bladder
• Cystourethrogram:
• An x-ray study of the bladder and ureters
• Intravenous pyelogram:
• An x-ray study of the entire urinary tract
• CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis
• Prostate ultrasound in males
• Renal arteriogram