FreeMD® Atrial Flutter Underlying Cause

Atrial Flutter

Underlying Cause

Atrial Flutter Underlying Cause

The most common causes of atrial flutter include:

High blood pressure
Cardiomyopathy
Abnormal heart valves
Coronary artery disease
Digoxin toxicity

Additional causes of atrial flutter include:

Theophylline toxicity
Drug abuse:

Cocaine overdose
Stimulant overdose

Hyperthyroidism
Pericarditis
Pulmonary embolism
Rheumatic heart disease
Emphysema

Continue to Atrial Flutter Anatomy

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Last Updated: Mar 13, 2008 References

Authors: Stephen J. Schueler, MD; John H. Beckett, MD; D. Scott Gettings, MD

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Atrial Flutter References:

Ghali WA, Wasil BI, Brant R, Exner DV, Cornuz J. Atrial flutter and the risk of thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2005 Feb;118(2):101-7.
Lee KW, Yang Y, Scheinman MM; University of Califoirnia-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Atrial flutter: a review of its history, mechanisms, clinical features, and current therapy. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2005 Mar;30(3):121-67.
Mead GE, Flapan AD, Elder AT. Electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation and flutter. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(1):CD002903.
Waldo AL. Mechanisms of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation: distinct entities or two sides of a coin? Cardiovasc Res. 2002 May;54(2):217-29.