To better understand adenomyosis, it helps to understand the anatomy of the uterus.

The cervix is a short tube that forms the opening and lower part of the uterus. The cervix lies in the top portion of the vagina. Sperm enter through the cervix to combine with an egg in the uterus. A newborn is delivered through the cervix and vagina from the inside of the uterus.

Anatomy examples:

• The uterus, cervix, and vaginal canal
• The bladder
• The fallopian tubes:
• These paired structures connect each ovary to the uterus
• The ovaries:
• One on each side of the uterus. A normal adult ovary is about the size of an unshelled almond
• Female organs during a pelvic examination